Computer Network

Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol : It is a family of protocols used for communication and connection between hosts on the internet. It is the most widely used standard for transmitting data over the internet. The four layers in the protocol are(from bottom to top):-Physical layer, Data link layer, Network layer,transport layer and application layer, also called as the OSI model. In TCP/IP, IP is responsible for forwarding

packets while TCP ensures the correct delivery of data from client to server.TCP detects loss of data as well. TCP is used to establish communication between nodes or networks and exchange data packets. It is a connectionless protocol.

IP is used for transmission of data over the internet. IP uses IP addresses to identify each machine uniquely. Message is sent using small packets.

In TCP/IP model, Physical layer represents data to the user, plus encoding and dialog control. Transport layer supports communication between diverse devices across diverse networks. Internet layer determines the best path through the network. Network Access layer controls the hardware devices and media.

The TCP/IP is a five layer hierarchical protocol suite developed before the OSI model.

The physical address,also known as the link address, is the address of a node as defined by its LAN or WAN. The IP addresses uniquely identifies a host on the internet. TCP can handle both timeouts and retransmission.